REGION — The National Institute on Aging, part of the National Institutes of Health, awarded a $5 million grant today to researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine to conduct a clinical trial of a gene therapy for treating Alzheimer’s disease or Mild Cognitive Impairment — a condition that often precedes full-blown dementia.
Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes or gene products to treat or prevent disease instead of relying on drugs or surgery.
The clinical trial, developed by principal investigator Dr. Mark Tuszynski, a professor of neuroscience and director of the Translational Neuroscience Institute at UCSD School of Medicine, delivers the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene into the brains of qualifying trial participants, where it is hoped it will prompt production of BDNF in nearby cells.
BDNF is part of a family of growth factors — or proteins — found in the brain and central nervous system that support the survival of existing neurons and promote growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses. BDNF is particularly important in brain regions susceptible to degeneration from Alzheimer’s.
“We found in earlier studies that delivering BDNF to the part of the brain that is affected earliest in Alzheimer’s disease — the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus — was able to reverse the loss of connections and to protect from ongoing cell degeneration,” Tuszynski said. “These benefits were observed in aged rats, aged monkeys and amyloid mice.”
The three-year trial will recruit 12 participants with either diagnosed AD or MCI to receive the treatment, with another dozen individuals serving as comparative controls over that period.
A previous gene therapy trial from 2001 to 2012 using the gene and a different protein called nerve growth factor found heightened growth, axonal sprouting and activation of functional markers in the brains of participants.
“The BDNF gene therapy trial in AD represents an advance over the earlier NGF trial,” Tuszynski said. “BDNF is a more potent growth factor than NGF for neural circuits that degenerate in AD. In addition, new methods for delivering BDNF will more effectively deliver and distribute it into the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus.”
Tuszynski said the clinical trial has begun enrolling participants, but multiple slots remain available. For more information on the trial, contact Michelle Mendoza at 858-534-8857 or email [email protected].
In addition to the NIA funding, the gene therapy trial is supported by a gift of $250,000 from philanthropist Darlene Shiley and a grant of $700,000 from the Alzheimer’s Association.
